Humanitarian crisis in Baidoa: over 50,000 displaced following a political escalation

At the end of March 2026, the city of Baidoa, located in Somalia’s South-West State, experienced a sharp rise in political tensions between the Federal Government of Somalia and  the regional authorities. Although large-scale armed clashes were avoided, the fear of imminent conflict was enough to trigger a mass displacement of the population.

A picture showing residents leaving the city, source : UNHCR (The UN Refugee Agency) 

According to data from the Protection and Solutions Monitoring Network (PSMN), approximately 8,461 households, or 50,766 people, fled Baidoa on 31 March 2026. The majority of those displaced are women and children, who are particularly vulnerable in such crises. Families sought refuge in nearby locations such as Hudur, Wajid, Bardaale, and Afgooye, while others settled in the outskirts of Baidoa, often in informal camps or makeshift shelters.

The situation led to the temporary closure of many essential facilities, including schools, hospitals, and maternal and child health centers. This disruption significantly limited access to healthcare, education, and livelihoods. Among the displaced population, 196 persons with disabilities were identified, highlighting additional and specific assistance needs.

The crisis resulted in three deaths and five injuries, including women and children. Beyond these figures, the human impact is broader, with psychological trauma, loss of stability, and extremely difficult living conditions affecting those displaced.

Living conditions in displacement sites are particularly concerning, including overcrowding and inadequate shelter, lack of privacy and safety, increased risk of gender-based violence, and exposure to exploitation and abuse. The crisis also led to the temporary separation of 150 children from their families, although all were later reunified through community efforts. Moreover, fear, uncertainty, and loss of livelihoods have caused significant psychological distress, especially among children and women. 

In response to the crisis, community support mechanisms are quickly becoming overwhelmed. Priority needs include protection services such as support for vulnerable individuals and family reunification, psychosocial assistance for those affected by trauma, and direct financial aid to help families meet their basic needs. Some families have already begun returning to their areas of origin, often without assistance, exposing them to further risks.

The situation in Baidoa reflects the ongoing fragility of Somalia’s political and security context. Even in the absence of open conflict, the mere prospect of violence can lead to a major humanitarian crisis.